The extinction of dinosaurs, which occurred approximately 66 million years ago, is mainly attributed to a mass extinction event driven by a combination of factors.
*Meteor Impact*
The leading theory posits that a giant meteor impact created the Chicxulub crater in present-day Mexico. This catastrophic event caused significant environmental changes, as dust and gases were ejected into the atmosphere, blocking sunlight and disrupting photosynthesis. This would have led to a dramatic drop in temperatures and the collapse of food chains.
*Volcanic Activity*
In addition to the meteor impact, extensive volcanic activity in the Deccan Traps of India is believed to have further contributed to climate shifts. The release of volcanic gases, such as sulfur dioxide and carbon dioxide, could have altered the atmosphere and climate, leading to more stress on ecosystems.
*Other Theories*
While the meteor impact and volcanic activity are the most widely supported explanations for the mass extinction, other theories have been proposed. These include the possibility of disease outbreaks and gradual environmental changes over time. However, the meteor impact remains the most compelling and widely accepted cause of the extinction event that ended the reign of the dinosaurs.